| Module 2 | |
| Topic(s) | Chapters(Sections) |
| The Basic Chemistry We Need to Know | 1, 2.1-2.3 |
| Let's Get Organic (and Polymeric?) | 3.1-3.4, 3.5-3.7, 9 &10, |
| Exam 2 |
2. Know that for the first 20 elements, the number of electrons
in the outer shell is equal to the group number. (ex. chlorine
is in Group VIIA; a chlorine atom has 7 electrons in its outer
shell)
3. Be able to determine the number of energy levels in an atom
from its period on the periodic table.
4. Be able to select elements that are in the same group on
the periodic table.
5. Be able to select elements that are in the same period on
the periodic table.
6. Be able to tell whether an element is a metal, nonmetal,
or a metalloid from its position on the periodic table.
7. Be able to identify groups of elements in the periodic table
that are classified as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens,
noble gases, and transition metals.
8. Recognize compounds that have ionic bonds. (The elements
are far apart in the periodic table; examples are NaCl, K20, and CaF2)
9. Recognize compounds that have polar covalent bonds. (The
elements are closer together in the periodic table but have different
electronegativities; examples are NO, PCl3,
and CS2.)
10. Recognize molecules that have nonpolar covalent bonds.
(These molecules are composed of the same kind of atom; examples
are N2, Cl2, and
S2.)
11. Determine the number of bonds all elements in Groups IVA
to VIIA will form. (To determine charges: for a metal, the charge
is positive and equal to the group number; for nonmetals, the
charge is negative and equal to eight minus the group number.)
12. Know the names and symbols for the first 18 elements.
13. Write symbols with charges, for simple ions.
14. Recognize that ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of
electrons.
15. Recognize that covalent bonds are formed by the sharing
of electrons.
16. Recognize that polar covalent bonds are formed by the unequal
sharing of electrons.
17. Recognize that nonpolar covalent bonds are formed by the
equal sharing of electrons.
18. Know that hydrocarbons are compounds of only two elements-hydrogen
and carbon.
19. Know three reasons why carbon forms so many compounds.
20. Know that alkanes are hydrocarbons with only single bonds
(saturated hydrocarbons).
21. Be able to name the first ten continuous-chain alkanes,
given the structure, or to recognize the structure given the name.
22. Be able to name cycloalkanes of three to six carbons, given
the structure, or to recognize the structure. (written out or
symbolic, i.e., triangle, square, or pentagon), given the name.
23. Know that alkenes (with double bonds) and alkynes (with
triple bonds) are unsaturated while alkanes (with single bonds)
are saturated.
24. Be able to recognize aromatic hydrocarbons (they contain
benzene rings).
25. Be able to name the simplest alkene and alkyne and write
their structures.
26. Know that hydrocarbons are used as solvents for fats, oils,
waxes, and other substances with low polarity; flammable; insoluble
in water; C1-C4
hydrocarbons are gases, C5-C16
hydrocarbons are liquids, the rest are solids; heavier liquid
hydrocarbons serve as emollients; and that liquid hydrocarbons
cause chemical pneumonia.
27. Be able to select compounds that are isomers from a list
of structures (they have the same number of each kind of atom).
28. Be able to recognize a chlorofluorocarbon from its structure
and that perfluorocarbons have been used as blood extenders because
they readily dissolve oxygen.
29. Be able to match the monomers ethylene -[CH2
= CH2]-; vinyl chloride-[CH2
= CHCl]-; tetrafluoroethylene-[CF2 = CF2]-; acrylonitrile-[CH2
= CHCN]- with the polymer that each forms.
30. Know that polymers are composed of giant molecules (compared
to water, methane, etc.), yet these molecules are still usually
microscopically small.
31. Know the difference between addition and condensation polymers.
32. Know that polyethylene is the most common synthetic polymer.
It is used to make bread bags, fruit bags, garbage can liners,
etc.
33. Know that Teflon is used to coat nonstick cookware.
34. Know that vinyl objects are made from polyvinyl chloride.
35. Know that polystyrene is used to make Styrofoam objects.
36. Know that ethylene molecules have carbon-to-carbon double
bonds but that polyethylene does not.
37. Know that polyesters are condensation polymers.
38. Know that nylon is a polyamide. (Proteins are also polyamides.)
39. Know that sulfur is added to rubber to make it harder (by
cross-linking the polymer chains.)
40. Know that cross-linking of polymers results in a more rigid
material.
41. Know that Bakelite is a cross-linked polymer.
42. Know that 75% of the fibers used in the United States today
are synthetic.
43. Know that a polymer is rubbery and tough at temperatures
above its glass transition temperature (Tg) and hard and brittle
below its T (g)
44. Know that plasticizers lower the Tg of a polymer.
45. Know that plasticizers are substances that make otherwise
brittle polymers flexible.
46. Know that polychlorinated biphenyls and phthalate esters
have been or are
currently used as plasticizers.
47. Know that disposal of plastics is complicated by the fact
that most are not usually biodegradable.
48. Know that thermoplastics can be melted down and remolded.
The group IA elements are known as the
a. halogens
b. transition metals
c. noble gases
d. alkaline earth metals
e.alkali metals
The most likely ion to be formed by F is ?
a. -2
b. -1
c. +1
d. +2
e. +3
A compound that has the grouping of R-OH, where R is any alkyl
grouping is called
a. an acid
b. a base
c. an ester
d. an aldehyde
e. an alcohol
All of the following are common polymers we discussed in class
except
a. Teflon
b. polypropylene
c. polystyrene
d. epoxy
e. Saran
All polymers that are hydrocarbons produce carbon dioxide and
?- when burned.
a. oxygen
b. carbon
c. sulfur dioxide
d. hydrogen chloride
e. water
Compounds of the same chemical formula, but different chemical
structure are known as
a. monomers
b. polymers
c. allotropes
d. isomers
e. tetrameres
Which of the following pairs of atoms would you expect to resemble
each other most closely in their chemical and physical characteristics?
a. Na and Cl
b. N and K
c. Br and I
d. Se and Fe
The individual molecules from which polymers are made are called
a. isomers
b. dimers
c. monomers
d. plastics
e. none of these
How many valence (bonding) electrons does the phosphorus atom
have?
a. 7
b. 5
c. 15
d. 31
B is the chemical symbol for:
a.beryllium
b. bromine
c. bismuth
d. boron
e. berkelium
Some will be coming...
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Send comments to estler_r@fortlewis.edu
Ron Estler
Department of Chemistry
Fort Lewis College
1000 Rim Drive
Durango, CO 81301-3999
estler_r@fortlewis.edu