Mineral Names and Formulas to Know - 2007 (from your textbook)

Native Elements                     

copper                                     Cu

graphite                                   C

gold                                         Au

silver                                        Ag

sulfur                                       S

Sulfides & Sulfosalts

chalcopyrite                             CuFeS₂

galena                                     PbS

marcasite\pyrite                       FeS₂

sphalerite                                 ZnS

Oxides

chromite                                  FeCr₂O₄

corundum                                Al₂O₃

hematite                                   Fe₂O₃

ilmenite                                    FeTiO₃

magnetite                                 Fe₃O₄ or FeFe₂O₄

pyrolusite                                 MnO₂

rutile                                        TiO₂

Hydroxides

gibbsite (bauxite)                     Al(OH) ₃ or AlO (OH)

goethite (limonite)                    FeO(OH)

Halides

fluorite                                     CaF₂

halite                                       NaCl

sylvite                                      KCl

Carbonates

aragonite/calcite                      CaCO₃

dolomite                                   CaMg(CO₃)₂

Sulfates

barite                                       BaSO₄

gypsum                                    CaSO₄ 2H₂O

Phosphates

apatite                                     Ca₅ (PO₄)₃ (F, Cl, OH)

Nesosilicates

olivine

      general formula                 (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄

      fayalite                               Fe₂SiO₄

      forsterite                            Mg₂SiO₄

garnet

      general formula only         X₃Y₂(SiO₄)₃

aluminosilicate minerals          Al₂SiO₅ (andalusite, kyanite, sillimanite)

staurolite                                 Fe₂Al₉O₆(SiO₄)₄(OH)₂

titanite (sphene)                       CaTiSiO₅

zircon                                      ZrSiO₄

Inosilicates

Pyroxenes

      general formula                 XYZ₂O₆

      orthopyroxenes                  (Mg,Fe) ₂ Si₂O₆

      clinopyroxene

            augite                          (Ca, Mg, Fe, Al) ₂ (Si, Al )₂O₆

            diopside                       CaMgSi₂O₆

Pyroxenoids

      wollastonite                       CaSiO₃

Amphiboles

      general formula only         W_0-1 X₂Y₅Z₈O₂₂(OH,F)₂

Phyllosilicates

biotite                                      K(Fe,Mg)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂

chlorite                                    Mg₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂ .(Mg, Al)₃(OH)₆

muscovite                                 KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

Tectosilicates

quartz                                      SiO₂

potassium feldspar                   KAlSi₃O₈

plagioclase

      albite                                 NaAlSi₃O₈

      anorthite                            CaAl₂Si₂O₈

leucite                                      KAlSi₂O₆

nepheline                                 Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

sodalite                                    Na₈Al₆Si₆O₂₄Cl₂